Under the traditional long-arm basis, which scenario would establish personal jurisdiction?

• A. Transacts any business in New York or contracts to supply goods or services here
• B. Has a New York residential address
• C. Is incorporated in a foreign state with no contacts
• D. Has never conducted business in New York

Answer: (A)

Under the traditional long-arm approach, New York can exercise personal jurisdiction over a non-domiciliary when they engage in activities that connect them to the state—specifically, transacting any business in New York or contracting to supply goods or services here. This shows purposeful availment and ties the defendant to New York in a way that supports a claim arising from those activities.

Therefore, the scenario where the defendant actually conducts business in New York or enters into a contract to supply goods or services in New York establishes personal jurisdiction. By contrast, merely having a New York residential address by itself does not automatically establish jurisdiction under this basis, and being incorporated abroad with no contacts or never having conducted business in New York shows no nexus to the state for the traditional long-arm.